The Vale of Peshawar lies in Pakistan's Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, centered around a vast expanse covering approximately 7,176 square miles (2,771 sq mi). This fertile basin is traversed by the flowing waters of the Kabul River and maintains an average elevation of about 345 meters (or roughly 1,130 feet) above sea level. The valley's western edge borders on The Khyber Pass—an ancient trade route that has played a significant role in connecting South Asia with Central Asian civilizations for centuries.